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Spring washers are designed to prevent fastening components from loosening due to vibration, thermal expansion, or contraction by providing continuous tension and spring force between the fastener and the joint surface.
You should use a lock washer when your assembly is subject to dynamic loads, vibration, or movement that could cause a standard nut or bolt to back out. Flat washers are better suited for distributing loads over a larger surface area.
Nylon washers offer excellent electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, and friction reduction. They are lightweight, non-magnetic, and ideal for delicate assemblies in electronics and plumbing.
Square washers are commonly used in structural steelwork, heavy machinery, and wood construction. Their larger surface area distributes loads and reduces stress on joint components, preventing structural damage.
Washers are chosen based on the inner diameter (which should match the bolt diameter), the outer diameter (based on load distribution requirements), and the thickness required for structural strength.
